ACCA Performance Management (F5) Certification Practice Exam

Which of the following is NOT a defined research technique?

1. Focus groups

2. Desk (secondary) research

3. Field research

4. Impromptu discussions

The correct answer is: Impromptu discussions

In the context of research techniques, impromptu discussions are not classified as a defined research technique because they lack the systematic structure characteristic of formal research methods. Defined research techniques involve planned, structured approaches to gathering data, with specific methodologies and objectives. Focus groups are structured discussions that bring together a group of individuals to gather opinions and insights on a particular topic. They are carefully moderated to ensure that the data collected is relevant and comprehensive, making them a defined research technique. Desk (secondary) research involves the analysis of existing information collected by others, such as reports, studies, and data already available in the public domain or within an organization. This technique is methodical and analytical, focusing on supporting or contrasting findings with existing knowledge. Field research, on the other hand, involves collecting data directly from the source in a natural environment, typically through methods like surveys, observations, or interviews. This approach is also systematic and is aimed at obtaining fresh, firsthand information. In contrast, impromptu discussions tend to be spontaneous, unstructured conversations that do not necessarily follow a predetermined methodology. While they may yield useful insights, they do not fit into the rigor and formality expected of defined research techniques. This distinction is critical for effective research practices, where consistency and