ACCA Performance Management (F5) Certification Practice Exam

What is the primary characteristic of quota sampling?

1. It randomly selects individuals from the entire population

2. The sample is representative based on pre-selected criteria

3. It is less biased than random sampling

4. It only surveys individuals who volunteer

The correct answer is: The sample is representative based on pre-selected criteria

Quota sampling is characterized by selecting individuals to be included in the sample based on specific pre-selected criteria aimed at ensuring that the sample reflects certain characteristics of the broader population. This method involves dividing the population into different subgroups, or quotas, based on particular traits, such as age, gender, income level, or other relevant factors. By doing so, the sample can be structured to represent these subgroups proportionately within the overall population, providing insights that can be generalized to the larger group. The emphasis on meeting the predetermined quotas means that researchers actively look for individuals that fit within specified parameters, ensuring representation of diverse characteristics found within the population. As such, this sampling method can lead to a sample that mirrors the population's composition regarding the chosen criteria, though it might not ensure randomness in the selection process. In contrast, methods such as random sampling do not use specific criteria to select participants, which can sometimes lead to biases if certain groups are unintentionally underrepresented or overrepresented. Quota sampling's predetermined nature can enhance the representativeness of the sample for specific characteristics but does not eliminate biases associated with the selection process itself.